Four Maha Vakyas

Four Maha Vakyas of Vedas:
There are 4 Mahavakyas which are associated with 4 Vedas
1.
Prajñānam Brahma from Aitareya Upanishad of the RigVeda, Meaning: Consciousness is Brahman. 
It is Lakshana Vakya.
2,
Aham Brahmāsmi from Brihadaranyaka Upanishad of the YajurVeda, 
Meaning: I am Brahman.
 It is Anubhava Vakya.
3.
Tat Tvam Asi from Chhandogya Upanishad of the SamaVeda, Meaning: That thou art or You are that. 
It is an Upadesha Vakya. It first occurs in the dialogue between Shvetaketu and Uddalaka Aruni.
4.
Ayamātmā Brahma from Mandukya Upanishad of the AtharvaVeda, Meaning: This Atman is Brahman.
 It is Sakshatkara Vakya.

Mahavakyas are like a mantra to be  meditated upon and to realize the essence. The four mahavakyas  together make a progression from seeing Brahman as the only Reality, and bring the idea closer to oneself, to lose Oneself and become THAT. This is the only one way to “apprehend” THAT.
When the false identifications like I am the body, I am the five senses, I am the mind, I am the knowledge drop out what remains is real I, the individual consciousness, Aham.That says Aham Brahmāsmi. I am That. I am nothing but  universal consciousness.

The purpose of these mahavakyas is to describe the true nature of the attainment of Self. Mahavakya ‘I am That’ denotes the state of Self-attainment or Self-realization. 
  “Aham Brahmasmi” is the subtlest way in which the distinction between knower-known-knowledge disappears and everything becomes One and savikalpa samadhi establishes.  

As per Vedas, Brahman the Nirakara form of God  and Brahmana  as a caste are entirely different. Both are pronounced in a different way.  Brahman in Vedas means The Absolute, the Highest truth.
Our mind is conditioned to think that our body, name, intellect, fame is its identity. That is not our real identity but that is a pseudo identity. This attachment to the pseudo identity  is the root of all our sufferings. Once we  enter into the deep meditation we understand that we are  beyond our name, body, mind, fame, degrees, accomplishments and our identity is one with the universal consciousness. 

Ahankar or Ego  primarily indicates  I am the body, the mind, the intellect, the name and the fame. These identifications express with the body (sense of doership), mind ( thinking, thoughts and memories), senses (enjoyership) and knowership (Intellect).
These along with the ideas of me and mine bind the jiva to the samsara attachments. Dropping  these identifications result in self knowledge or Prajna or Arivu. Aham identified with something is Ahankar. or Ego. Ahankar without attachments is Aham or real I.

Once the mind fully believes in the real identity and gets established in that state of Turiya the Kar or Kartatva or  Doership of Ahamkar disappears and only Aham (real I) remains. Aham by itself is an expression of self awareness, when the Consciousness becomes aware of itself. The true 'I-AM' Is the consciousness of the Self which is the Atman.  And this Aham or real" I " points to the Universal Consciousness and says the four Mahavakyas.

 *Prajñānam Brahma*  (Consciousness is Brahman).

* Ayamātmā Brahma* (Atman is Brahman)

*Tat Tvam Asi* (That thou art or You are that).

*Aham Brahmāsmi" (I am the Brahman) 
These are the 4 Mahavakyas which are associated with 4 Vedas.
-✍️ Dr Prema Pangi

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